Slavery
a. When and how did slavery begin in the southern state?
Slavery started when the colonies were first set-up in Virginia The first batch of African slaves came to America in 1619.A Dutch slave trader exchanged his cargo of Africans for food in 1619. The Africans became indentured servants.The popular conception of a racial-based slave system did not develop until the 1680's.
b. Which country were the slaves brought from?
Africa.
c. Who traditionally bought and owned the slaves?
The white Southerners.
d. Were there laws/rules that the slaves had to abide by? If yes what were they?
Yes. They could not gather in-groups of 4 or more because their owners thought they would plan an escape. If the slaves got caught trying to get away, their owners would beat them or cut body parts off so they could not escape again. If they got away without anyone seeing them, they usually run away to Canada where they would be free. They cannot leave their owners property without a written pass because the slave owners wanted control over the slaves. They could not own weapons because the slaves might shoot their owner. Slaves were not allowed to learn how to read or write because the slaves may start to think about freedom and try to escape.
e. How does the notion of slavery relate to the novel? Does the study of slavery help you understand the novel better?
Slavery was the cost of racism of White against Black as slaves were from African and they were Blacks. They were mostly owned by the Whites which result in the Whites looking down on the Blacks. The novel is about a Black who was found guilty by the White judge of something he did not do and there was clearly enough evidence to acquit him. The study of slavery definitely helps me understand the novel better as it is much related to slavery. It tells me how discrimination of Blacks started.
The Civil War
a. Identify the southern states
i) South Carolina
ii) Mississippi
iii) Florida
iv) Alabama
v) Georgia
vi) Texas
vii) Louisiana
viii) Virginia
ix) Arkansas
x) Tennessee
xi) North Carolina
b. Who was the US president who proclaimed war against the South?
Abraham Lincoln.
c. Why was the civil war fought?
The main cause of the Civil War was States Rights. The South was afraid that Abraham Lincoln would emancipate slaves, and they believed that the US President should not be making decisions that affected the entire country and that States should have the right to make those decisions. It wasn't so much the emancipation of slaves that concerned the South, but rather the fact that if Lincoln were to free the slaves, it would be denying the states their rights.
d. When was this war fought?
Started in April 1861. Ended on 9 April 1865.
e. What was the outcome of this war?
The Southern states lost and turned the slaves in, promising them freedom for fighting.
f. How does the Civil Rights movement relate to the novel?
The novel involves the black and white people. Atticus is just like the Civil rights movement, trying to let both sides live in harmony.
Jim Crow’s Laws
a. What/who is Jim Crow?
Jim Crow was the name of the racial caste system which operated primarily, but not exclusively in southern and Border States, between 1877 and the mid-1960s. Jim Crow was a way of life, more than a series of rigid anti-black laws.
b. What were Jim Crow Laws?
Jim Crow laws allowed for segregation in businesses, neighborhoods, schools, and other facets of daily life. African Americans were forced to use separate sections of buses and trains, sit in separate sections of restaurants, and attend separate schools than white Americans. This type of segregation led to fierce civil rights struggles, especially in regards to Jim Crow Laws that segregated schools. In 1954, the Supreme Court ruled on a landmark case, Brown vs. Board of Education, that segregation in schools was inherently unequal, thereby abolishing segregation in public schools. The practice, however, continued for several more years, resulting in more racial tensions and often violence.
c. What was the response of the slaves and the Blacks to these laws?
This type of segregation led to fierce civil rights struggles, especially in regards to Jim Crow Laws that segregated schools. Several key events – including Rosa Park’s refusal to move from her seat on a segregated bus, as well as several bus boycotts – built up and provided enough tension in society that the question of segregation finally had to be dealt with.
d. Do we see the Jim Crow laws surface in the novel? If so then in which part of the novel?
Yes. Blacks and Whites go to different churches. When there is a case, the white will always win no matter how hard the lawyer tries to defend the black.
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